This edition contains sixty new readings, nearly eighty alterations to the apparatus criticus, corrections of errors, and cross-references to recently published works. of thought lies in his having originated a completely new Vitalism, and that his conception of the world is one in which ‘Subjekt und Objekt, Geist und Wissen, Mensch und Gott, νος und ζω durch eine im Bewusstsein neu erwachte Kraft sich einen und durchdringen: durch die “Sympathie.”’ Among other German scholars Geffcken holds that Plotinus borrowed much from Posidonius, and Jaeger roundly declares that if Posidonius had but found a place for the Platonic Ideas, there would have been nothing left for Plotinus to find. Although little is known of the organization of his school, it is clear that Posidonius had a steady stream of Greek and Roman students. While Posidonius’s works have been lost, quotes and citations remain in the works of Cicero, Livy, Plutarch, Strabo, Cleomedes, and Seneca the Younger, among others. Through his political and philosophical endeavors, Posidonius developed a reputation throughout both Greece and Rome. Cicero in his De Finibus closely followed Posidonius's presentation of Panaetius's ethical teachings. Starting from the early Pythagoreans, ‘breath’ and ‘breathing’ function to draw analogies between cosmogony and anthropogony – a notion ultimately rejected by Plato in the Timaeus and Aristotle in his cosmological works, but taken up by the Posidonius (perhaps following the early Stoa) and expanded into a rich and challenging corporeal metaphysics. It is important, however, to contextualize the work of Posidonius. He served as an ambassador to Rome in 87–86 BCE, during the Marian and Sullan era. (Sitz. Posidonius 2 Volume Hardback Set: Volume 2, the Commentary. II The, This book is a commentary on the surviving testimonia and fragments of Posidonius' work collected in Volume I of this edition. After he completed his early education in Apamea, he moved to Athens to pursue philosophical study at the Stoic school under Panaetius. The writings of Posidonius survive only in citations in later writers’ works. He accepted the Stoic categorization of philosophy into physics (natural philosophy, including metaphysics and theology), logic (including dialectic), and ethics. Afterwards, Posidonius: Volume 3, The Translation of the Fragments. But Posidonius thinks that emotions must also include an element sometimes translated as an "irrational tug". Cosmic Spiritualism Among the Pythagoreans, Stoics, Jews, and Early Christians. Posidonius of Apamea (135-51): Greek philosopher, historian, and scientist. Finally, the chapter sees a determined shift in the direction of rejecting pneumatic cosmology for a revised pneumatic anthropogony in the writings of the New Testament: by appeal to the ‘Holy Spirit’ or ‘Holy Breath’ (πνεῦμα ἅγιον), early Christians effectively adapted the Stoic metaphysics of ‘breath’, with its notions of divine intelligence and bonding, to the prophetic and ecclesiastical project of building a Christian community conceived of as the ‘body of Christ’. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992. The review summarizes and discusses Zago's important contribution to the question of sources for this letter. His history of the period 146 – 88 BCE is said to have filled 52 volumes. In this work, Posidonius detailed his theory of the effect on a people's character by the climate, which included his representation of the "geography of the races". Thus Posidonius's measure of 240,000 stadia translates to 24,000 mi (39,000 km) compared to the actual circumference of 24,901 mi (40,074 km).[14]. Mortal Enemy of Julius Caesar. Posidonius advanced the theory that the Sun emanated a vital force which permeated the world. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1972-1999. Similarly, the Post-Hellenistic philosopher and biblical exegete Philo of Alexandria, who was deeply influenced by both Platonist and Stoic physics, approaches the cosmogony and anthropogony described in Genesis (1:1–3 and 1:7) through Platonist-Stoic philosophy, in his attempt to provide a philosophically rigorous explanation for why Moses employed certain terms or phrases when writing his book of creation. His vast body of work exists today only in fragments. He recorded observations on both earthquakes and volcanoes, including accounts of the eruptions of the volcanoes in the Aeolian Islands, north of Sicily. Contains a chapter devoted to the ethical system of Posidonius. Zürich: Artemis-Verlag, 1950. (. An Introduction To Nero’s Rival, Who Is Chrysippus? Posidonius’s travels inspired many of his great works of writing. Unlike with Panaetius, however, reforming Stoicism did not prove satisfying. He traveled in Greece, Hispania, Italy, Sicily, Dalmatia, Gaul, Liguria, North Africa, and on the eastern shores of the Adriatic. 70. Of Posidonius's work on tactics, The Art of War, the Greek historian Arrian complained that it was written 'for experts', which suggests that Posidonius may have had first hand experience of military leadership or, perhaps, used knowledge he gained from his acquaintance with Pompey. [14], Translating stadia into modern units of distance can be problematic, but it is generally thought that the stadium used by Posidonius was almost exactly 1/10 of a modern statute mile. He was known to many leading men of his time, including the Roman statesman Cicero, who studied under him in 78–77 and whom he mentioned as a friend. Poseidonius Und Die Jüdisch-Christliche Genesisexegese. A. On the one hand it has been argued that he was purely a man of science and hardly a Stoic philosopher at all. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Noord-Hollandsche Uitg. 11. Eventually Posidonius gave up Stoicism and turned to a different philosophical direction, this of Plato but mainly of Aristotle, remaining a faithful follower of Aristotelian doctrines until his death. He attempted to create a unified system for understanding the human intellect and the universe which would provide an explanation of and a guide for human behavior. Posidonius (Greek: Ποσειδώνιος, Poseidonios, meaning "of Poseidon") "of Apameia" (ὁ Ἀπαμεύς) or "of Rhodes" (ὁ Ῥόδιος) (c. 135 BCE – c. 51 BCE), was a Greek[1] Stoic[2] philosopher, politician, astronomer, geographer, historian, mathematician, and teacher native to Apamea, Syria. concerning Druids to be philosophical in nature. Modeling Interdisciplinary Inquiry Postdoctoral Fellowship, Endowed Chair in Comparative Religious Studies, Kant’s account of “the radical evil in human nature” in the 1793 Religion within the Bounds of Reason Alone is typically interpreted as a reworking of the Augustinian doctrine of original sin. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1977. The works show that the Greeks by the 8th century BC had considerable knowledge of the geography of the eastern Mediterranean. That is no longer an excuse. Posidonius’s travels inspired many of his great works of writing. He introduced Platonic and, He stands out from Panaetius, however, in that he was. Die Gründer, Panaitios, Poseidonios, eingeleitet und übertragen. When you are faced with a challenge, be innovative and refuse to accept your circumstances. Erlaüterungen. All rights reserved. He left vivid descriptions of things he saw with his own eyes while among them: men who were paid to allow their throats to be slit for public amusement and the nailing of skulls as trophies to the doorways. Posidonius met Pompey when he was Rhodes's ambassador in Rome and Pompey visited him in Rhodes twice, once in 66 BCE during his campaign against the pirates and again in 62 BCE during his eastern campaigns, and asked Posidonius to write his biography. When he settled as a teacher at Rhodes, his adopted Greek city, his fame attracted numerous scholars.
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