Like major epics and religious stories around the world, it has been of vital relevance because it "tells the culture what it is". They return to Ayodhya.
Rama, along with his younger brother Lakshmana and wife Sita, exiled to the forest. It is also significant because Kalidasa has been dated to between the 4th and 5th century CE, suggesting that the Ramayana legend was well established by the time of Kalidasa. [28], The ancient epic Ramayana states in the Balakhanda that Rama and his brothers were born to Kaushalya and Dasharatha in Ayodhya, a city on the banks of Sarayu River.
[91] The second describes, through the character of Rama, the desire for liberation and the nature of those who seek such liberation. James G Lochtefeld (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z, Rosen Publishing. In the Indian traditions, particularly Rama, the story is about a divine human, a mortal god, incorporating both into the exemplar who transcends both humans and gods.[65].
Sita leaves with him to live in the forest, the brother Lakshmana joins them in their exile as the caring close brother.[37]. Rama represents, according to Hindu thought, the highest degree of virtuosity, both as king and as husband.
Rama, one of the most widely worshipped Hindu deities, the embodiment of chivalry and virtue. [142], Rama is a revered Vaishanava deity, one who is worshipped privately at home or in temples. [37] Rama refused her.
Rama wins the contest, whereby Janaka agrees to the marriage of Sita and Rama. [130], In Jain cosmology, characters continue to be reborn as they evolve in their spiritual qualities, until they reach the Jina state and complete enlightenment. [133], Jain texts tell a very different version of the Rama legend than the Hindu texts such as by Valmiki.
These features suggest that this text has ancient roots. [95], Other important historic Hindu texts on Rama include Bhusundi Ramanaya, Prasanna raghava, and Ramavali by Tulsidas. Indunā saja: the Moon together. [74] Adhyatma Ramayana transposes Ramayana into symbolism of self study of one's own soul, with metaphors described in Advaita terminology. [103], Rama's story has had a major socio-cultural and inspirational influence across South Asia and Southeast Asia.[9][104]. Few works of literature produced in any place at any time have been as popular, influential, imitated and successful as the great and ancient Sanskrit epic poem, the Valmiki Ramayana.
In some Advaita Vedanta inspired texts, Rama connotes the metaphysical concept of Supreme Brahman who is the eternally blissful spiritual Self (Atman, soul) in whom yogis delight nondualistically. tataj cha: that too;
). In Brockington's view, "based on the language, style and content of the work, a date of roughly the fifth century BCE is the most reasonable estimate".[62].
Rama responds to public gossip by renouncing his wife, and asking her to undergo a test before Agni (fire). [27], Rama was born on the ninth day of the lunar month Chaitra (March–April), a day celebrated across India as Ram Navami.
No mention is found of a god or king named Rama (although there were already lists of hundreds of Hindu gods ).
Rama's life is more complex than the Western template for the battle between the good and the evil, where there is a clear distinction between immortal powerful gods or heroes and mortal struggling humans. They travel south, meet Sugriva, marshall an army of monkeys, and attract dedicated commanders such as Hanuman who is a minister of Sugriva.
[1][96] The Sanskrit poem Bhaṭṭikāvya of Bhatti, who lived in Gujarat in the seventh century CE, is a retelling of the epic that simultaneously illustrates the grammatical examples for Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī as well as the major figures of speech and the Prakrit language. [54] Rama, after all his participation in the rescue of Sita and preparation for war, he actually does not kill, thus remains a non-violent person. [34][note 2], Rama had three brothers, according to the Balakhanda section of the Ramayana. In the Yoga-vasistha text it is said that Prince Rāma, after touring the country, feels completely disappointed after experiencing the supposed reality of the world. [23] In the Vishnu sahasranama, Rama is the 394th name of Vishnu. [39] However, in some revisions, the story is different and tragic, with Sita dying of sorrow for her husband not trusting her, making Sita a moral heroine and leaving the reader with moral questions about Rama. Ravana comes to Panchavati to take revenge on behalf of his family, sees Sita, gets attracted, and kidnaps Sita to his kingdom of Lanka (believed to be modern Sri Lanka). This typically occurs in the Gregorian months of March or April every year. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox.
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