It also called for the use of Taiwan as the nation’s name, but without getting rid of the Republic of China, which is its official name. Approximately 70% of the population are Hoklo, meaning that they are descended from Chinese immigrants from Southern Fujian who arrived in the 17th century. About 6,000 years ago, the country was occupied by farmers and the majority of them were from mainland China. The average temperature in July is about 27°C (81°F), while in February the average drops to 15°C (59°F). The current head of state is President Ma Ying-jeou. Most Hoklo people in Taiwan speak both Hokkien and Mandarin fluently. This kingdom lasted just two decades, from 1662 to 1683, and was beset by tropical disease and a lack of food. During the "Three Kingdoms" period, the emperor of Wu sent explorers to seek islands in the Pacific; they returned with thousands of captive aboriginal Taiwanese. Taiwanese aborigines are Austronesian, and DNA evidence suggests that Taiwan was the starting point for the peopling of the Pacific islands by Polynesian explorers. Waves of Han Chinese settlers arrived in Taiwan via the off-shore Penghu Islands, perhaps as early as 200 BCE. Taiwan also has a Judicial Yuan, which administers the courts. In 1887, Taiwan’s administration was upgraded from Taiwan Prefecture of Fujian to Fujian-Taiwan-Province, and its capital city was Taipei. Japan ruled Taiwan. In 2004 and 2008, Taiwan pushed to enter the United Nations but failed both times because the votes did not meet the required 50% threshold. Today, Taiwan labors under the burden of not being fully recognized diplomatically. Definition and Considerations, Biography of Sun Yat-sen, Chinese Revolutionary Leader, People's Republic of China Facts and History, The History of Putonghua and Its Use Today. Under his tenure, Taiwan went through a localization process where Taiwanese history and culture were encouraged unlike the KMT policies with a pan-China viewpoint that endorsed a Chinese individuality. This is one of the best documentaries on the history of Taiwan I've ever seen. The President appoints the Premier. As of March 2012, $1 US = 29.53 Taiwanese New Dollars. New political parties were not allowed and those already present did not contest against the KMT. Taiwan is one of Asia's "Tiger Economies," along with Singapore, South Korea, and Hong Kong. A look at the key dates shaping the relationship between Taipei and Beijing over the past seven decades. Hokkien is not mutually intelligible with Cantonese or Mandarin. It had an estimated 5.2% growth rate in its GDP in 2011, despite the global economic downturn and weakened demand for consumer goods. The Taiwanese, however, portray more diversity unlike the other members of the family which extend to a wide territory from Madagascar to Maritime Southeast Asia, Easter Island, Hawaii and New Zealand. The first recorded contact between China and Taiwan occurred in 239 ce, when the Chinese emperor sent a 10,000-man mission to Taiwan … Mandarin is the language of instruction in Taiwan's schools, and most radio and TV programs are broadcast in the official language as well. It is believed that in the 3rd century, troops from the Three Kingdoms nation of Wu visited an island referred to as Yizhou. When the Korean War broke out in 1950, however, the US changed its position on Taiwan; President Harry S Truman sent the American Seventh Fleet into the Straits between Taiwan and the mainland to prevent the island from falling to the Communists. In 1991, he forced original members of the National Assembly and the Legislative Yuan to resign. Another 15% are Hakka, descendants of migrants from central China, mainly Guangdong Province. The Paiwan beheaded all the shipwrecked crew, who were from the Japanese tributary state of the Ryukyu Islands. Today, Taiwan is a capitalist powerhouse and a major exporter of electronics and other high-tech products. On 30th September 2007, DPP, the ruling party, okayed a resolution affirming a different identity from China. The younger Chiang passed away in 1988, and further political and social liberalization led to the free election of Lee Teng-hui as president in 1996. Japan used Taiwan’s natural and human resources to develop itself. Taiwan was the biggest sugar manufacturer in the globe by 1939. In 1661-62, pro-Ming military forces fled to Taiwan to escape the Manchus, who had defeated the ethnic-Han Chinese Ming Dynasty in 1644 and were extending their control southward. They wonder if Taiwan is in a similar situation to that of Hong Kong and Macau, under China’s “One Country Two Systems” policy. The only European state that formally recognizes Taiwan is Vatican City. During the Qing annexation of Taiwan, different Han Chinese groups fought one another and the Taiwanese aborigines. The highest point in Taiwan is Yu Shan, 3,952 meters (12,966 feet) above sea level. These members had been selected to represent the constituencies of mainland China. This was followed by a modernization campaign such as the construction of the first railroad in China. The aboriginal Taiwanese have their own languages, though most can also speak Mandarin. The Book of Sui also documents that in the 7th century, Emperor Yang of the Sui dynasty sent a number of expeditions to an area referred to as ‘Liuqiu’, which was later related to the island chain towards the northeast of Taiwan. 1895 to 1945 – Japan Colony. Chiang Kai-shek never relinquished his claim over mainland China; likewise, the People's Republic of China continued to claim sovereignty over Taiwan. This is a very important event in Taiwan history since before 1885, Taiwan had been acknowledged as a part of Fujian. Taiwan grew economically under Dutch rule in the mid-1600s and in the late 1800s under Chinese rule. Most adhere to Buddhism, often in combination with the philosophies of Confucianism and/or Taoism. When the KMT lost the Chinese Civil War to Mao Zedong and the Communists, the Nationalists retreated to Taiwan and based their government in Taipei. A brief history of Taiwan will be discussed below. The island of Taiwan floats in the South China Sea, just over one hundred miles from the coast of mainland China. Taiwan formally referred to as the Republic of China is a country located in East Asia. Martial law was used as a means of suppressing the political opposition. After World War II, the island received a huge influx of cash when the fleeing KMT brought millions in gold and foreign currency from the mainland's treasury to Taipei. Dwight D. Eisenhower and Chiang Kai-shek, Taipei in June 1960. These aboriginal languages belong to the Austronesian language family rather than the Sino-Tibetan family. Around 2,000 BCE or earlier, farming people from the mainland of China immigrated to Taiwan. During WW II most Taiwanese served in the Japanese Military, but after the war, the majority of the Japanese were chased away from Taiwan. These new settlers, however, faced hostility from Taiwan tribes and the absence of valuable trade goods meant that the country was visited less by outsiders until the 16th century when visits by the Japanese, Chinese, and Fujian fishermen became more recurrent. Summers are hot and humid. European awareness of Taiwan began in 1544 when the Portuguese sighted the island and named it Ilha Formosa, "beautiful island." Japan reiterated the demand, and the Qing officials refused again, citing the wild and uncivilized nature of Taiwanese aborigines. This period was referred to as the White Terror. It called for the adoption of a new constitution for a ‘normal nation’. It was between the 1970s to the 1990s when the country experienced social changes and reforms that converted Taiwan from a totalitarian nation to a democracy. The Wu decided that Taiwan was barbaric land, not worthy of joining the Sinocentric trade and tribute system. Meanwhile, Taiwan's economy boomed on the strength of high-tech exports. Around 2,000 BCE or earlier, farming people from the mainland of China immigrated to Taiwan. Taiwan's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, and 93% of the population profess one faith or another. Qing Empire signed Treaty of Shimonoseki ceding Taiwan to Japan after being defeated in the First Sino-Japanese War. Taiwan's unemployment rate is 4.3% (2011), and a per capita GDP of $37,900 US. One of the most famous sites in eastern Taiwan is the Taroko National Park, with its landscape of peaks and gorges. 1945 - Taiwan … Dr. Kallie Szczepanski is a history teacher specializing in Asian history and culture. Timeline of Taiwanese history | taiwan history, 『Taiwan for Sale?』History of Taiwan－《動畫臺灣史》 EP0『賣台？後藤桑の如意算盤』. Other cultures in the island succeeded the Dapenkeng culture. They also depended a lot on fish and marine shells. As a result, it is seismically active; on September 21, 1999, a magnitude 7.3 earthquake hit the island, and smaller tremors are quite common. The lowest point is sea level. Why Did China Lease Hong Kong to Britain? This period saw the imprisonment or execution of about 140,000 people who were believed to be pro-Communist or anti-KMT. In the legislative elections of 2008, KMT secured most of the seats in the Legislative Yuan, and its candidate Ma Ying-jeou won the presidency in March the same year and assumed office on 20 May the same year. Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist government, the KMT, disputed American occupation rights in Taiwan and set up a Republic of China (ROC) government there in October of 1945.
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