Although they owed a debt to Renoir (with whom both Luchino Visconti and Michelangelo Antonioni had worked), the neo-realists “respected” the entirety of the reality they filmed. As director Giuseppe Bertolucci (Bernardo’s brother) noted: “The cinema was born with neo-realism.”. 1949: Nastro d’Argento des Sindacato Nazionale Giornalisti Cinematografici Italiani, 1955: Bodil, Bester europäischer Film für, 1951: Großer Preis des Festivals, Internationale Filmfestspiele von Cannes 1951, für, 1963: David di Donatello, Bester Regisseur für, 1965: David di Donatello, Bester Regisseur für. With minimal resources, the neorealist filmmakers worked in real locations using local people as well as professional actors; they improvised their scripts, as need be, on site; and their films conveyed a powerful sense of the plight of ordinary individuals oppressed by political circumstances beyond their control. [3] In particular, De Sica was criticized for “washing Italy’s dirty laundry in public” by Giulio Andreotti, a Christian Democratic politician who was later to become one of Italy’s most powerful prime ministers. Ricci begins work only to have his bicycle stolen on the first day. He had undergone surgery in recent months for the reinoval of cysts from his lungs, but family members here Said they did not know the cause of death. In Italien war er einer der gefeiertesten Schauspieler der 1930er Jahre. The neorealist movement began in Italy at the end of World War II as an urgent response to the political turmoil and desperate economic conditions afflicting the country. They really showed a paradise on earth, a paradise in a country they called America.”, Whether they were being shown the glories of their Roman past, their fascist future or of l’America, a country unreal outside the movie-house, what Italians rarely saw were images that reflected their lives. Antonio Ricci (Lamberto Maggiorani), the films main character, finally finds work posting movie posters, but to do this job he must have a bicycle. Anders als in Deutschland unter dem Nationalsozialismus hatten die Kunstschaffenden im faschistischen Italien noch relativ viel Spielraum. In regards to “The Bicycle Thief”, the opening scenes reveal, not a country full of excitement or happiness, but a country filled with anger, loneliness and longing. There were also plenty of American imports, equally unreflective of Italian realities. Introduction While the controlling fiction of the best neorealist works was that they dealt with universal human problems, contemporary stories, and believable characters from everyday life, the best neorealist films never completely denied cinematic conventions, nor did they always totally reject Hollywood codes. Vittorio Domenico Stanislao Gaetano Sorano De Sica (Sora, 7 luglio 1901 – Neuilly-sur-Seine, 13 novembre 1974) è stato un attore, regista e sceneggiatore italiano.. Tra i cineasti più influenti della storia del cinema, è stato inoltre attore di teatro e documentarista. His first Oscar was for “The Bicycle Thief” in 1949. Set in post WW2 Italy, it tells the story of the Ricci family, who were deeply affected by the war, not only physically and financially, but spiritually and emotionally as well. A popular theme was poverty, sadly a real commonality amongst most of the Italian working class at the time. Though it’s in some ways anti-Hollywood, neo-realism drew a great deal from American noir writing and films. He agreed in principle, he said, with the neo-realist idea of taking films from life but he redefined it for himself as “looking at reality with an honest eye – but any kind of reality; not just social reality, but also spiritual reality, metaphysical reality, anything man has inside him.” Fellini taps into the essence of neo-realism, the reason the films of that particular era still appeal and the reason they continue to inspire: they address the human condition which, despite technological advances and special effects, remains very much what it was when these filmmakers took to the streets and captured what surrounded them. De Sica wuchs in Neapel auf. In the meantime he continued to act, and in Italy, at least, was more acclaimed for that than for his direction. [2] Even in Hollywood in the immediate postwar period, such important works as Jules Dassin’s The Naked City (1948) and Edward Dmytryk’s Give Us This Day (1949) aka Christ in Concrete show the direct influence of neorealism’s preference for authentic locations within the American tradition of film noir. “The term ‘neorealism’ was first applied by the critic Antonio Pietrangeli to Luchino Visconti’s Ossessione (1943), and the style came to fruition in the mid-to-late forties in such films of Roberto Rossellini, Visconti, and Vittorio De Sica as Rome, Open City (1945), Shoeshine (1946), Paisan (1946), Bicycle Thieves (1948), and The Earth Trembles (1948). In the war’s aftermath, members of the Resistance (including several of the neo-realist directors) had to come to terms those who collaborated. Surrounded by the shambolic ruins of World War II, human and structural, filmmakers had ready-made drama even in their backdrop, the atmosphere anxiety-charged and utterly uncertain. “Acting is an easy business that I sometimes find very haring,” he said in 1957. Though critical favourites, the films of the Italian Neorealist movement never attained popular acceptance. This meant occasionally showing scenes in real-time and always resisting the temptation to manipulate by editing. Corrections? Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. “Few Neorealist works were popular with the public. In particular, they appreciated the psychological move beyond neorealist themes in the works of Antonioni and Rossellini. He played a succession of romantic young dreamera and developed a passionate army of women admirers. According to Pam Cook and Mieke Bernink, editors of “The Cinema Book: The 2nd Edition” (1999), “Aesthetically the ‘realism’ of the neorealism movement consisted principally of a commitment to the representation of human reality.” (Cook and Bernink, P.g.
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